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Phleum pratense L.

PerenneClima templado

Nombre aceptado

cola de topotimoti

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Phleum pratense — Foto: Epgrande · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

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Cultivo y tolerancias

Cuidados documentados y características conocidas de la especie.

Tolerancia a la sombra

Media^[1]

Capacidad relativa para crecer con menos luz. No indica la exposición preferida.

Tolerancia a la sequía

Baja^[1]

Resistencia relativa a la falta de agua. No fija la frecuencia de riego.

pH del suelo

5,0–7,8^[1]

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5,5–8,4^[2]

Crecimiento

Rápido^[1]

Características de la planta

Forma de crecimiento

Herbácea^[3]

Ciclo de vida

Perenne^[3]

Altura madura

0,9 m^[1]

Altura vegetativa observada

0,6 m^[3]

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0,9 m^[3]

Altura reproductiva observada

0,8 m^[3]

Peso por semilla

0,43 mg^[3]

Peso de una semilla, expresado en miligramos.

Forma de vida de Raunkiær

Hemicriptófita^[3]

Diámetro de extensión radicular observado

0,8 m^[3]

Volumen radicular observado

0,28 m³^[3]

Suelo

Textura del suelo: Gruesa, Media, Fina^[1]
Tolerancia a la salinidad: Baja^[1]
Necesidad de fertilidad: Media^[1]
Profundidad radicular mínima: 25 cm^[1]

Agua y suelo

Tolerancia al encharcamiento: Baja^[1]
Uso relativo de la humedad del suelo: Media^[1]

Frío y desarrollo

Temperatura mínima tolerada: -42 °C^[1]
Días sin heladas mínimos: 90 días^[1]

Estos datos describen tolerancias observadas y no sustituyen una guía de cuidados adaptada al clima y al suelo de tu jardín.

Ecología y distribución

Condición observada en el hábitat natural.

Clima: Templado^[5]
Rango de precipitación anual: 762–1.651 mm/año^[1]
Luminosidad del hábitat: Nivel 7 de 9^[4]
Humedad atmosférica del hábitat: Nivel 5 de 9^[4]
Nutrientes del suelo en el hábitat: Nivel 5 de 9^[4]
Salinidad del suelo en el hábitat: No aparece en suelos salinos (nivel 0 de 9)^[4]
Persistencia en el banco de semillas: Transitoria^[3]
Índice de persistencia del banco de semillas: 0,13^[3]
Longevidad máxima observada de las semillas: 1,00 años^[3]

Distribución

NativaIntroducidaPresencia dudosaExtinta regionalmente

Pasa el cursor o selecciona una región para ver su nombre.

Distribución ^[5] · Límites cartográficos ^[6]

Identidad botánica

Nombre aceptado y referencia taxonómica.

Nombre aceptado: Phleum pratense^[7] L.
Forma de vida: Perenne^[5]Planta que vive durante varios años y vuelve a crecer tras cada época desfavorable.
Referencia: Sp. Pl., : 59, (1753)^[5]
Identificador WFO: wfo-0000890092 ^[7]

Clasificación

ReinoPlantae SubreinoPteridobiotina FiloAngiosperms OrdenPoales FamiliaPoaceae GéneroPhleum EspeciePhleum pratense

Sinónimos 55

Achnodonton bulbosum(Gouan) J.Woods Panicum pratense var. intermediumGaudin Phleum alpinum subsp. trabutiiLitard. & Maire Phleum bertolonii subsp. trabutii(Litard. & Maire) Kerguélen

Ver 50 sinónimos másOcultar sinónimos adicionales

Cultivares relacionados 171

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Fuentes de los datos

Los datos TRY se presentan con categorías y unidades normalizadas; cuando existen varias observaciones, PlantSearch las consolida conservando debajo sus referencias originales.

[1] USDA PLANTS
[2] Trefle · Licencia de origen no verificada
[3] TRY Plant Trait Database · CC BY 4.0
48 conjuntos de datos públicos de TRY utilizados
- PLANTSdata USDAGreen, W. 2009. USDA PLANTS Compilation, version 1, 09-02-02. (http://bricol.net/downloads/data/PLANTSdatabase/) NRCS: The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 Feb 2009). National Plant Data Center: Baton Rouge, LA 70874-74490 USA.
- Gift - Plant Growth Form DatasetWeigelt, P., C. König, and H. Kreft (2019) GIFT A Global Inventory of Floras and Traits for macroecology and biogeography. bioRxiv doi.org/10.1101/535005
- BASECO: a floristic and ecological database of Mediterranean French floraGachet S, Errol Véla, Thierry Tatoni, 2005, BASECO: a floristic and ecological database of Mediterranean French flora. Biodiversity and Conservation 14(4):1023-1034
- BIOPOP: Functional Traits for Nature ConservationPoschlod, P., M. Kleyer, A. K. Jackel, A. Dannemann, and O. Tackenberg. 2003. BIOPOP - a database of plant traits and Internet application for nature conservation. Folia Geobotanica 38:263-271.
- Categorical Plant Traits Databaseunpub.
- Functional trait data for vascular plant species from northeastern North AmericaWaller, D. M. et al. (2022) Functional trait data for vascular plant species from northeastern North America. Ecology 103(1):e03527. 10.1002/ecy.3527; Waller, D. et al. (2021 March 18) Functional trait data for vascular plant species from eastern North America. OSF. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/72BNS
- Functional Traits Of Bulgarian GrasslandsVassilev, K., Pedashenko, H., Nikolov, S., Apostolova, I., Dengler, J. 2011. The effect of land abandonment on the vegetation of upland semi-natural grasslands in the Western Balkans MTS, Bulgaria. - Plant Biosystems, 145: 654-665.
- Global Seed Mass, Plant Height DatabaseMoles, A. T., D. S. Falster, M. R. Leishman, and M. Westoby. 2004. Small-seeded species produce more seeds per square metre of canopy per year, but not per individual per lifetime. Journal of Ecology 92:384-396.
- Iranian Plant Trait Datasetunpub.
- Italian Alps Plant Traits DatabaseBragazza L (2009) Conservation priority of Italian alpine habitats: a floristic approach based on potential distribution of vascular plant species. Biodiversity and Conservation 18: 28232835.
- Plant Traits from RomaniaCiocarlan V. (2009). The illustrated Flora of Romania. Pteridophyta et Spermatopyta. Editura Ceres, 1141 p (in Romanian).
- Root Systems of Individual Plants (RSIP)Tumber-Dávila, S.J., Schenk, H.J., Du, E. and Jackson, R.B. (2022), Plant sizes and shapes above and belowground and their interactions with climate. New Phytol.
- The LEDA TraitbaseKleyer, M., R. M. Bekker, I. C. Knevel, J. P. Bakker, K. Thompson, M. Sonnenschein, P. Poschlod, J. M. van Groenendael, L. Klimes, J. Klimesova, S. Klotz, G. M. Rusch, Hermy, M. , D. Adriaens, G. Boedeltje, B. Bossuyt, A. Dannemann, P. Endels, L. Götzenberger, J. G. Hodgson, A.-K. Jackel, I. Kühn, D. Kunzmann, W. A. Ozinga, C. Römermann, M. Stadler, J. Schlegelmilch, H. J. Steendam, O. Tackenberg, B. Wilmann, J. H. C. Cornelissen, O. Eriksson, E. Garnier, and B. Peco. 2008. The LEDA Traitbase: a database of life-history traits of the Northwest European flora. Journal of Ecology 96:1266-1274.
- TRY Categorical Traits Dataset (update 2018)unpub.
- Aboveground morphological traits of grassland speciesAbakumova, M., Zobel K., Lepik, A., Semchenko, M. (2016) Plasticity in plant functional traits is shaped by variability in neighbourhood species composition. New Phytologist 211:455463 doi:10.1111/nph.13935
- Coastal grasslands invaded by Rosa rugosa (Belgium)Helsen K, Van Cleemput E, Bassi L, Graae BJ, Somers B, Blonder B & Honnay O (2020) Inter- and intraspecific trait variation shape multidimensional trait overlap between two plant invaders and the invaded communities. Oikos, 129(5): 677688.
- Eastern US Old Field Plant Traits DatabaseSiefert, A., Fridley, J.D., and Ritchie, M.E. 2014. Community functional responses to soil and climate at multiple spatial scales: when does intraspecific variation matter? PLOS ONE 9: e111189
- European Mountain Meadows Plant Traits DatabaseBahn, M., G. Wohlfahrt, E. Haubner, I. Horak, W. Michaeler, K. Rottmar, U. Tappeiner, and A. Cernusca. 1999. Leaf photosynthesis, nitrogen contents and specific leaf area of 30 grassland species in differently managed mountain ecosystems in the Eastern Alps. Pages 247-255 in A. Cernusca, U. Tappeiner, and N. Bayfield, editors. Land-use changes in European mountain ecosystems. ECOMONT- Concept and Results. Blackwell Wissenschaft, Berlin.
- French Alps Trait DataGos P., Loucougaray G., Colace MP., Arnoldi C., Gaucherand S., Dumazel D., Girard L., Delorme S., Lavorel S. (2016) Oecologia 180:1001 doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3551-3
- Jena Experiment TraitsGubsch M, Buchmann N, Schmid B, Schulze E-D, Lipowsky A, Roscher C (2011) Differential effects of plant diversity on functional trait variation of grass species. Annals of Botany 107, 157-169.
- LandEcoTraitsSchibalski, A., M. Kleyer, M. Maier, and B. Schröder. 2022. Spatiotemporally explicit prediction of future ecosystem service provisioning in response to climate change, sea level rise, and adaptation strategies. Ecosystem Services 54:101414. DOI:10.1016/j.ecoser.2022.101414
- Leaf and Whole Plant Traits Databaseunpub.
- Midwestern and Southern US Herbaceous Species Trait Databaseunpub.
- New York Old Field Plant Traits DatabaseSiefert, A. 2012. Spatial patterns of functional divergence in old-field plant communities. Oikos 121: 907-914
- Niwot Alpine Plant TraitsSpasojevic, M. J. and K. N. Suding. 2012. Inferring community assembly mechanisms from functional diversity patterns: the importance of multiple assembly processes. Journal of Ecology 100:652-661.
- Old fields of Eastern US (Siefert Data)Siefert, A., Fridley, J.D., and Ritchie, M.E. 2014. Community functional responses to soil and climate at multiple spatial scales: when does intraspecific variation matter? PLOS ONE 9: e111189
- Plant Traits from LTER Matsch (Mazia), Italyunpub.
- riparian forb traits W-EuropeHelsen K, Smith SW, Brunet J, et al (2018) Impact of an invasive alien plant on litter decomposition along a latitudinal gradient. Ecosphere 9:e02097. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.2097
- Root traits from Wurzelatlas images (Arias & Diaz 2024)Arias, G. & Díaz, S. 2024. Root architecture dataset based on the drawings of the Root Atlases of L. Kutschera, E. Lichnegger and M. Soboti (1982-2009)
- SherbrookeLi, Y. and Shipley, B. (2018) Community divergence and convergence along experimental gradients of stress and disturbance. Ecology, 99: 775-781. doi:10.1002/ecy.2162
- SW Michigan restored prairiesZirbel CR, Bassett T, Grman E, Brudvig LA (2017) Plant functional traits and environmental conditions shape community assembly and ecosystem functioning during restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology 54(4): 1070-1079. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12885 Zirbel CR, Basset T, Grman E, Brudvig LA (2017) Data from: Plant functional traits and environmental conditions shape community assembly and ecosystem functioning during restoration. Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2175q
- SwissNationalPark_EngadineRossi C., Kneubuehler M.,Schuetz M.,Shaepman M.E., Haller R.M.,Risch A.C. (2020) From local to regional: Functional diversity in differently managed alpine grasslands.Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 236, 111415, DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111415
- Teshio grassland plant traitsunpub.
- The Netherlands Plant Height Databaseunpub.
- The VISTA Plant Trait DatabaseGarnier, E. et al. .2007. Assessing the effects of land-use change on plant traits, communities and ecosystem functioning in grasslands: A standardized methodology and lessons from an application to 11 European sites. Annals of Botany 99:967-985.
- Tundra Trait TeamBjorkman, AD, IH Myers-Smith, SC Elmendorf, S Normand, HJD Thomas, and 86 others (2018) Tundra Trait Team: a database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome. Global Ecology and Biogeography 27(12): 1402-1411.
- The Netherlands Plant Traits DatabaseOrdonez, J. C., P. M. van Bodegom, J. P. M. Witte, R. P. Bartholomeus, J. R. van Hal, and R. Aerts. 2010. Plant Strategies in Relation to Resource Supply in Mesic to Wet Environments: Does Theory Mirror Nature? American Naturalist 175:225-239.
- European North RussiaDalke, I.V., Novakovskiy, A.B., Maslova, S.P. et al. Plant Ecol (2018) 219: 1295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-018-0879-2
- Herbaceous plants of Rouge National Urban ParkSodhi, DS, Livingstone, SW, Carboni, M, Cadotte, MW. Plant invasion alters trait composition and diversity across habitats. Ecol Evol. 2019; 9: 6199 6210. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5130
- KEW Seed Information Database (SID)Royal Botanical Gardens KEW. 2008. Seed Information Database (SID). Version 7.1. Available from: http://data.kew.org/sid/ (May 2008).
- Seed Information Database, Royal Botanic Gardens, KewRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew. (2019) Seed Information Database (SID). Version 7.1. Available from: http://data.kew.org/sid/ (06 2019)
- Seed Mass from Literatureunpub.
- Traits of 59 grassland speciesSchroeder-Georgi, T., Wirth, C., Nadrowski, K., Meyer, S. T., Mommer, L. and Weigelt, A. (2016), From pots to plots: hierarchical trait-based prediction of plant performance in a mesic grassland. J Ecol, 104: 206218. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12489
- BiolFlor DatabaseKühn, I., W. Durka, and S. Klotz. 2004. BiolFlor - a new plant-trait database as a tool for plant invasion ecology. Diversity and Distribution 10 363-365.
- Ecological Flora of the British IslesFitter, A. H. and H. J. Peat 1994. The Ecological Flora Database. Journal of Ecology 82:415-425.
- Pladias: Life forms and heights of the Czech floraKaplan Z., Danihelka J., Chrtek J. jun., Kirschner J., Kubát K., tech M. & těpánek J. (eds) (2019): Klíč ke květeně České republiky [Key to the flora of the Czech Republic]. Ed. 2. Academia, Praha.
- PLANTATT - Attributes of British and Irish PlantsHILL, M.O., PRESTON, C.D. & ROY, D.B. (2004) PLANTATT - attributes of British and Irish Plants: status, size, life history, geography and habitats. Huntingdon: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology.
- Ukranian Plant Trait Database (UkrTrait) vs 1.0Vynokurov D et al. (2024) Ukrainian Plant Trait Database: UkrTrait v. 1.0. Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e118128. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118128
[4] Trefle · Baseflor · Licencia de origen no verificada
[5] World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) · Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
[6] WGSRPD boundary data · Flora Codex (CC BY 4.0), Natural Earth y TDWG
[7] World Flora Online Plant List · publicación 2026-06 · CC0

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Datos taxonómicos de World Flora Online Plant List, publicación 2026-06. Backbone distribuido como CC0.

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